Ingredients

Astaxanthin

A potent carotenoid antioxidant that helps neutralise oxidative stress. Emerging animal research suggests astaxanthin supports joint health and cellular protection by modulating inflammatory pathways.

Fassett & Coombes (2011). Astaxanthin: antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. Marine Drugs.

Park et al. (2010). Astaxanthin reduces oxidative stress markers. Nutrition & Metabolism.

Blueberry Extract

Rich in anthocyanins, powerful plant antioxidants that support vascular and cellular health. Research in animals shows bilberry compounds help combat oxidative stress and support visual and immune function.

Dunlap et al. (2006). Total antioxidant power in sled dogs supplemented with blueberries and the comparison of blood parameters associated with exercise. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A: Molecular and Integrative Physiology, 143(4):429–434.

Kalt et al. (1999). Anthocyanins reduce oxidative stress. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry.

Calsprin® Bacillus velezensis (Probiotic)

A spore-forming probiotic designed for stability and survivability through the digestive tract. Bacillus species have demonstrated benefits in improving nutrient digestibility and immune markers in dogs in controlled feeding studies.

Schmitz & Suchodolski (2016). Understanding the canine intestinal microbiota. Veterinary Medicine and Science.

Sauter SN et al. (2006). Effects of probiotic bacteria in dogs with food-responsive diarrhoea treated with an elimination diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 90(7–8):269–277.

Chicken Bone Broth Powder

Naturally rich in collagen peptides, amino acids and minerals that support connective tissue and gut integrity. Bone-derived collagen has been shown to support joint structure and digestive health through glycine and proline content.

Clark KL et al. (2008). 24-Week study on the use of collagen hydrolysate as a dietary supplement in athletes with activity-related joint pain. Current Medical Research and Opinion, 24(5):1485–1496.

Bello & Oesser (2006). Collagen hydrolysate in joint health. Current Medical Research and Opinion.

Chondroitin Sulphate (Avian 90%)

A key cartilage component that helps maintain joint cushioning and resilience. Veterinary studies indicate that chondroitin, particularly when combined with glucosamine, supports joint comfort and mobility in dogs with degenerative joint changes.

Uebelhart D et al. (2004). Intermittent treatment of knee osteoarthritis with oral chondroitin sulfate: a one-year, randomized, double-blind, multicenter study versus placebo. Osteoarthritis & Cartilage, 12(4):269–276.

McCarthy et al. (2007). Veterinary Journal (combination trial).

Coconut MCT Oil (Caprylic C8)

Rapidly absorbed medium-chain triglycerides that provide an efficient alternative fuel source. Studies suggest MCTs may support cognitive function and metabolic health in ageing dogs.

Pan et al. (2010). Medium-chain triglycerides improve cognitive function in aged dogs. British Journal of Nutrition.

Enterococcus faecium (Probiotic)

A clinically researched probiotic strain widely used in canine nutrition to support digestive balance. Studies in dogs show E. faecium can improve stool quality and support recovery from gastrointestinal disturbance by stabilising gut microbial populations.

Bybee et al. (2011). Effects of Enterococcus faecium SF68 on stool quality in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine.

Benyacoub et al. (2003). Enterococcus faecium SF68 effects on immune function in dogs. Journal of Nutrition.

Fish Oil (Omega-3; EPA/DHA)

Highly concentrated EPA and DHA to support anti-inflammatory pathways. Controlled studies in dogs show omega-3 supplementation can improve mobility, coat quality and inflammatory markers associated with joint disease.

Roush JK et al. (2010). Multicenter veterinary practice assessment of the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on osteoarthritis in dogs. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 236(1):59–66.

Glucosamine HCl

A structural precursor for glycosaminoglycans, essential components of cartilage. Clinical trials in dogs have shown glucosamine supplementation can improve mobility scores and reduce signs of osteoarthritis over time.

McCarthy et al. (2007). Randomised double-blind clinical trial of glucosamine in canine osteoarthritis. Veterinary Journal.

Moreau et al. (2003). Glucosamine–chondroitin combination in dogs with OA. Veterinary Record.

Green Lipped Mussel (Defatted)

A natural source of omega-3 fatty acids, glycosaminoglycans and bioactive lipids. Multiple veterinary trials show green-lipped mussel supplementation can improve joint flexibility and reduce discomfort in dogs with osteoarthritis.

Pollard et al. (2006). Green-lipped mussel supplementation in dogs with osteoarthritis. New Zealand Veterinary Journal.

Bui & Bierer (2003). Green-lipped mussel improves mobility in dogs. Veterinary Therapeutics.

Inulin (Chicory Root Fibre)

A well-studied prebiotic fibre that selectively feeds beneficial gut bacteria. Research demonstrates that inulin increases short-chain fatty acid production, particularly butyrate, which supports intestinal barrier integrity and immune modulation.

Roberfroid, M. (2007). Inulin-type fructans: functional food ingredients. Journal of Nutrition.
Flickinger et al. (2003). Effects of oligofructose and inulin on canine faecal microbiota. Journal of Animal Science.

L-Carnitine

Essential for transporting fatty acids into mitochondria for energy production. Research in dogs shows L-carnitine supports lean muscle mass and metabolic efficiency, particularly in active or weight-managed dogs.

Keene et al. (1991) — Myocardial L-carnitine deficiency in a family of dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, 198(4):647-650.

Kittleson et al. (1997) — Results of the Multicenter Spaniel Trial (MUST): taurine and carnitine-responsive dilated cardiomyopathy in American Cocker Spaniels. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 11(4):204-211.

Partially Hydrolysed Guar Gum (PHGG)

A highly fermentable, low-viscosity fibre that supports beneficial gut bacteria and improves stool consistency. Clinical studies in humans show PHGG increases bifidobacteria and improves digestive comfort, and emerging veterinary research supports its role in promoting healthy microbiome diversity in dogs.

Slavin, J. (2013). Fiber and prebiotics: mechanisms and health benefits. Nutrients.

Middelbos et al. (2007). Effects of dietary fibre on faecal characteristics and microbiota in dogs. Journal of Animal Science.

Pumpkin Fruit Whole Powder

A natural source of soluble and insoluble fibre that supports stool regularity. Pumpkin has long been used in veterinary nutrition to help normalise digestive transit and maintain healthy bowel function.

Flickinger et al. (2003, Critical Reviews in Food Science and Nutrition 43(1):19-60)

Spirulina Powder

A nutrient-dense microalgae rich in protein, antioxidants and phytonutrients. Research in dogs indicates spirulina supplementation may support immune response and reduce oxidative stress markers.

Belay et al. (1993). Spirulina and immune function. Journal of Applied Phycology.

Satyaraj et al. (2021). Supplementation of diets with Spirulina influences immune and gut function in dogs. Frontiers in Nutrition, 8:667072.

Taurine

An essential amino acid for cardiovascular and retinal health in dogs. Taurine plays a critical role in cellular energy balance and has been studied extensively for its importance in canine heart function.

Tôrres CL, Backus RC, Fascetti AJ, Rogers QR (2003). Taurine status in normal dogs fed a commercial diet associated with taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, 87(9–10):359–372.

Kaplan JL, Stern JA, Fascetti AJ et al. (2018). Taurine deficiency and dilated cardiomyopathy in golden retrievers fed commercial diets. PLoS ONE, 13(12): e0209112.

UC-II® (Undenatured Type II Collagen)

Undenatured type II collagen shown in canine studies to support joint comfort through immune-mediated pathways. Research in dogs demonstrates significant improvements in mobility and activity levels compared to placebo.

D'Altilio M et al. (2007). Therapeutic efficacy and safety of undenatured type II collagen singly or in combination with glucosamine and chondroitin in arthritic dogs. Toxicology Mechanisms and Methods, 17(4):189–196.

16 functional ingredients for long-term wellbeing